The GL posting in SAP refers to the process of recording financial transactions in the G/L accurately, and it provides a basis for generating financial statements and reports. A G/L document in SAP contains key information related to a financial transaction.
The GL document in SAP is typically divided into Two parts:
1. Document Header and
2. Document Line Item
1. Document Header: The document header contains data that applies to the entire document. To enter a document, you must first enter the document header.
G/L Document Header include fields of - Company Code, Currency, Posting Period, Document Date, Document Type, Document Number.
2. Document Line Item: The part of a document that contains information about an item. A document needs to have at least two line items (which is Dr. item against Cr. item). There is a limit of 999 line items which can be posted per FI document.
G/L Document Line Items include fields - G/L Account, Dr. & Cr. Indicator, Amount, Text, Tax Code, Value Date, Cost Center, Business Area.
Let's take an example of posting below transaction: Company Code ADD1 pays office rent amount of 10,000 INR, and the payment is made using a check.
Rent A/c | Dr. | 10000 | Cost Center* |
To Bank A/c | Cr. | 10000 | Value Date* |
>> Path to Post G/L Document {G/L Document Posting in screen FB50 or F-02 }
>> To Post with T.Code FB50 -
Debit and Credit entries are entered in one single screen.
STEP 1: Enter Document header first and then the Line item fields.
Make sure the total of all debits equals the total of all credits amount.
STEP 2 : Before Actual Posting, if you want to overview/test effect of G/L entry, click on Simulate.
STEP 3 : If the Accounting effect is right and Document is correct, then click on Post.
You can only edit the _Reference field_ and _Document header text_ of a Posted Document.
>> For Document Display use T.Code FB03 -
Enter Document Number, Company Code and Fiscal Year and click on continue.
Below is the view of Posted Document.
>> To Post G/L Document with T.Code F-02
Here, we have 4 different screens to enter fields, in order to post G/L Document.
STEP 1 : Enter header fields of the document like Document Date, Posting Date, Document Type, Company Code, Currency and Text , and press Enter.
STEP 2 : Enter Posting key and G/L Account number for 1st Line item and press Enter.
STEP 3 : Enter values of 1st Line item like Amount, Cost center and also Posting Key and G/L number for 2nd line item, press Enter to continue
STEP 4 : Enter values of 2nd Line item like Amount, Value date and Assignment and Post.
>> Use T.Code FBL3N to View G/L line item Display.
Enter G/L Account number, Company Code and Execute.
As seen below, display screen for both Line items .
Difference between Transaction FB50 & F-02
FB50 | F-02 |
|---|---|
Only a Single Screen to enter values & Post | Minimum 4 different screens to Post |
It is mandatory to mention document type | We need not assign any document type. |
You can mention directly Debit or Credit | You have to mention posting key for Debit or Credit |
Document can be parked even at the initial stage | Document can be parked only after at least one entry is entered |
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